Tuesday, December 31, 2019
The Government Is A Democracy - 1374 Words
Our own government has become too corrupt to be called a democracy. A Princeton study claims our government is more like an oligarchy than it is a democracy at this point. An oligarchy is a form of government in which a small amount of people have more control than the population. ââ¬Å"The opinions of the bottom 90% of income earners in America has essentially no impact at all (Princeton).â⬠The main contributor of this is money in politics. For decades our elected officials have been increasingly more influenced by big money. Politicians now create legislation that favors the rich and ignores the will of the majority. Money has also become a driving force for congressmen to stay in office. Not necessarily because they are greedy individuals but because if they do not raise enough money someone else will. We cannot sit idly by. If we do we are letting those with power know we do not care and that we have become automatons. In order to make the government dependent on the peopl e again Citizens vs. United must be repealed, the mainstream media must be changed to report facts instead of operating like a business, and people must be more engaged in governance. It is incredibly easy for those with money to purchase political power. ââ¬Å"It s perfectly legal for our bank to hire a team of lobbyists whose entire job is to make sure the government gives the bank what it wants. Then, those lobbyists can track down members of Congress who regulate banks and help raise a ton of money for theirShow MoreRelatedDemocracy and Government853 Words à |à 3 PagesDemocracy is defined as ââ¬Å"the belief in freedom and equality between people, or a system of government based on this belief, in which power is either held by elected representatives or directly by the people themselves.â⬠So by the very definition, these governments are enlisted to advocate for the interest of its citizens regardless of gender, race or age. All democracies are government by a specific document which outline the method in which they are run and what rights they protect. A common facetRead MoreGovernment, Democracy, Or Authoritarianism?1552 Words à |à 7 Pagesa c ommunity. It accomplishes this through setting laws or policies and there are several different types of government. However, the most powerful and prevalent world powers have all had one of the major types of government, democracy, communism or authoritarianism. All are very different in how they try to achieve the same goal of ruling over a group of people. A democracy is ââ¬Å"a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a systemRead MoreGovernment And Leadership Of Democracy835 Words à |à 4 Pagesbrowsing newspapers there are many forms of government. This paper will present the authority and leadership of democracy, dictatorships, and socialism as well as the advantages and disadvantages. Democracy is described as a form of government in which the supreme power is retained by the people, but which is usually exercised indirectly through a system of representation and delegated authority periodically renewed (Melina, 2011). People who take place in a democracy feel they can be part of the solutionRead MoreDemocracy And Government Repression Essay. Democracy Is1620 Words à |à 7 PagesDemocracy and government repression essay Democracy is a difficult concept to define, with almost every nation state in the world self-defining themselves as such, when in fact not all are. The complexity of the definition of democracy poses challenges when one is trying to analyse the causes and effects that democracy can have. Democracy occurs by degree, not in absolutes, further complicating analysis. The traditional definition of democracy prior to the revolutions of the 18th and 19th centuriesRead MoreIs Democracy The Besy For Of Government?1298 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Å"IS DEMOCRACY THE BESY FOR OF GOVERNMENT?â⬠What is democratic government? Democratic form of government is a sort in which all the societies of a state, have the equal power to elect their leader i.e. to select members by determining and voting through free and fair elections. Also the people have a say in any verdict. Principally ââ¬Ëgovernment of the people, by the people, for the people.ââ¬â¢ The most key elements of democracy primarily are free and fair election and public liberty of opinion manifestationRead MoreGovernment, Democracy, Monarchy, Dictatorship, And Democracy1526 Words à |à 7 PagesGOVERNMENT A Government consists of multiple people ruling and running a community. They make public policies and decisions that will benefit the community which they are governing. Itââ¬â¢s the governmentââ¬â¢s job to protect the country by securing the boarders, making sure that the military and police are competent and providing them with tools so they could reach their highest standards, protecting their citizens against internal threats like violence, murder etc. by creating laws against them, creatingRead MoreThe Democracy Of A Democratic Government849 Words à |à 4 PagesA democratic government is one in which the ââ¬Å"supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representationâ⬠(Merriam-Webster). In theory, a true democracy is one that is governed by the people in the form of ââ¬Å"the rule of the majorityâ⬠. This is a process that seems to have been naturally embedded in the human mind. In many circumstanc e, whether it is world leaders deciding on new international policy, or kids choosing what to watch for ââ¬Å"movieRead MoreDemocracy : A System Of Government849 Words à |à 4 PagesMora Elizabeth Olmos English 101 Unit 2 Rough Draft Democracy Democracy is ââ¬Å"a system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through freely elected representativesâ⬠. It is the way that the people have a say on how they want the government to be ran. It gives citizen the voice and the right to speak up for change and wants. Democracy is a governmental system to help those who are in greater need. Democracy is ran by checks and balances because people are empoweredRead MoreDemocracy Is A Form Of Government1555 Words à |à 7 Pagesof the United States decided they wanted a democratic form of government. A democracy is ââ¬Å"a form of government in which the people rule themselves either directly or through freely elected representativesâ⬠(American Government Politics, pg. 5). Furthermore, a democracy is broken down into two more forms: a direct democracy and a representative democracy (also can be considered a republic). A direct democracy is a form of government, originally found ed in ancient Greece, in which the people directlyRead MoreDemocracy As A Form Of Government1885 Words à |à 8 Pageshealthcare, democracy, social norms, and political authority. The chains can symbolize anything that makes man more obedient to the state rather than himself. Rousseau opens his book with the question if there is such thing as a legitimate political authority that will work for everyone in the society or if there really is no such thing. Democracy as a form of government has many different definitions for the philosophers but I found that the common theme of the definition of democracy is the people;
Sunday, December 22, 2019
The Image of Women in the Eighteenth Century Essay
The image of women in the Eightieth The environment is having a very big effect to people surrounded by it. The way parents treated their child will have a direct influent on whom and what they want to become in the future. The relations of people to a person might lead that person to their ruin. From A Rose For Emily and The Yellow Wallpaper, we can see very clearly the evident that lead these women to their tragic ending. In A Rose For Emily by William Faulkner, a noble woman being isolated from people in her town and because of loneliness she end up insane and have a tragic life. Also in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, the narrator is being restricted to all her favorite things and that leads her toâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Her first appearance of insanity when her father died, since he was the only one that closed to her so she refused to accept that hes dead: She told them that her father was not dead. She did that for three days, with the ministers calling on her, and the doctors, trying to persuade her to let them dispose of the body. (page 486) Later when Emily met Homer Barron, a Yankee - a big, dark, ready man, with a big voice and eyes lighter than his face. (page 487), she fell in love with him. However, people thought that it is a disgrace to the town and a bad example to the young people because they Emily was a Southerner while Homer was a Northerner and also a laborer: Of course a Grierson would not think seriously of a Northerner, a day laborer. (page 487) Because of all the rejecting from the people in town and her relatives that pushed her to the edge and into insanity, Emily did what she could to stay with her lover even kill him. After the dead of her lover, Emily closed up her door and isolated herself from people in town and the people didnt care about that because they knew it will happen to her soon or later: Then we knew that this was to be expected too, (page 489) The only thing that made the whole town remember and knew if she alive was the payment of her taxes. Other than that noone in town really knew that Emily was sick untilShow MoreRelatedEssay on Comparison of Pope and Swift1712 Words à |à 7 PagesAlexander Pope and Jonathan Swift in their respective poems, The Rape of the Lock and The Progress of Beauty, offer opposite representations of the nature and function of cosmetics in eighteenth century society. In The Rape of the Lock, Pope gives a positive representation of cosmetics nature and function in eighteenth century society. On the other hand, Swifts representation takes a very negative tone. Both poets clearly appreciate and admire the natural beauty of a woman and their opposite opinion sRead MoreThe Earl Of Rochester And Jonathan Swift1307 Words à |à 6 PagesWhen reading Eighteenth- Century literature it is clear that the concept of oneââ¬â¢s privacy was non-existent, particularly in poetry. Poets of this period were more aware of the growing public readership they had as a result of developments in education, and people from each class were now able to access poetry. This meant what was published had a greater impact on society, as poetry became increasingly ââ¬Å"[â⬠¦] a more public form of expressionâ⬠(Goring, P. p.64) for writerââ¬â¢s opinions on political andRead MoreWomen Writers: Restoration and 18th Century1392 Words à |à 6 PagesWomen Writers: Restoration and 18th Century Ballaster, Ros, Seductive Forms: Womenââ¬â¢s Amatory Fiction from 1684ââ¬â1740, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992,; New York: Oxford University Press, 1992, Landry, Donna, The Muses of Resistance: Laboring-Class Womenââ¬â¢s Poetry in Britain 1739ââ¬â1796, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990 Myers, Sylvia Harcstark, The Bluestocking Circle: Friendship and the Life of the Mind in Eighteenth-Century England, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990; New York: OxfordRead More Comparison of Pope and Swift Essay1676 Words à |à 7 PagesAlexander Pope and Jonathan Swift in their respective poems, The Rape of the Lock and The Progress of Beauty, offer opposite representations of the nature and function of cosmetics in eighteenth century society. In The Rape of the Lock, Pope gives a positive representation of cosmeticââ¬â¢s nature and function in eighteenth century society. On the other hand, Swiftââ¬â¢s representation takes a very negative tone. Both poets clearly appreciate and admire the natural beauty of a woman and their opposite opinionsRead MoreEssay Feminism and Jane Austens Emma1151 Words à |à 5 PagesIn eighteenth century which feminist in social status was not popular by that time, author can only through literature to express her thought and discontented about socie ty. Jane Austenââ¬â¢s Emma advocates a concept about the equality of men and women. Also satirizes women would depend on marriage in exchange to make a living or money in that era. By the effect of society bourgeois, Emma has little self-arrogant. She is a middle class that everyone could admire, ââ¬Å"Young, pretty, rich and cleverâ⬠, sheRead MoreSince Its Beginning, Womenââ¬â¢S Reproduction Has Been A Controversial1393 Words à |à 6 Pagestheir blood humor. It was thought that if a women was not menstruating, she did not have enough blood to menstruate and her humors were out of balance. Drugs were used to ââ¬Å"bring on the mensesâ⬠which basically induced miscarriage in women. Women who were aware that they were pregnant often took drugs or used herbs to knowingly induce a miscarriage. Knowledge on these abortifacients or drugs used to induce abortion was often passed down generations by women in the family. Informations on how to makeRead MoreNarrative, Fiction And The Novel 1500 Words1744 Words à |à 7 Pagesviews on this issue. Moll Flanders, written by eighteenth century English author Daniel Defoe and published in 1722, composes the adventurous story of a woman who was born in Newgate prison to a mother, condemned to death and who ââ¬Ëpleaded her bellyââ¬â¢ in order for her punishment to be postponed until the birth of the baby. Since the sorrowful circumstances surrounding her birth, Moll has had to endure hardship in order to survive the harsh conditions that women from a lower class of society faced throughoutRead MoreWomen s First Wave Of Feminism Essay1555 Words à |à 7 PagesHistory helps us to better understand modern social constructs and how they were established. Starting with the late eighteenth century, which marks the transition from pre-industrialization to the emergence of economic development in Europe, and then closely following with the American Industrial Revolution. During the rise of the industrial revolution and the eighteenth century came the conception of the classification of gender and sex into two distinct biological characterizations pertainingRead MoreCultural Issues Created by the Prohibition Era. 813 Words à |à 3 PagesWhile the prohibition movement of the early twentieth century was brought on with a wholesome and moral mindset, the economic, political, and cultural factors relating to its origins and enactment untimely doomed it for failure. Such groups as the Womenââ¬â¢s Christian Temperance Union and the progressive party argued that drinking was the cause of political corruption, crime, bad labor conditions, and a declining sense of family values. These groupsââ¬â¢ protests and rallies gained enormous support quicklyRead MoreRebecca Haidts Women, Work And Clothing1221 Words à |à 5 PagesRebecca Haidtââ¬â¢s Women, work and clothing in eighteenth-century Spain is a nine chapter book that shows and explains the history of how clothing was able to hit all corners of Spanish society of the 18th century. She reveals what the women did to get the clothing they wore, even if it was trading, barging, stealing, selling, and creating garments that marked their social status in their society they were living in. The author also goes in each chapter about the depection of them in the theater. She
Saturday, December 14, 2019
Kashmir Issue Free Essays
These claims are often reinforced with partisan interpretation of history and selective evidence. The real attitude and concrete policies towards the dispute, however, are often governed by perception of short term ââ¬Å"national interestsâ⬠as defined by dominant political elite of the two countries the interests that apparently are irreconcilable and non-negotiable. While each side sticks to its claims over Kashmir, the Kashmiri Muslims continue to pay a heavy price for their defiant struggle against overwhelming odds in order to exercise their right of self determination. We will write a custom essay sample on Kashmir Issue or any similar topic only for you Order Now For more than half a century the Kashmiris are oscillating between uncertainty and destitution. They continue to suffer misery and repression under illegal Indian occupation, and despite a stream of strong words and resolutions passed by the Security Council the Kashmir issue is still a bone o f contention between Pakistan and India. Rather the situation has taken a quantum leap for the worse. Indian has conceded the Security Council resolutions vindicating the right of self determination for the Kashmiris but has since reneged on its solemn commitment to the international community and the people of Kashmir. The brutal and blatant Indian repression and state sponsored terrorism against innocent Kashmiri men, women and children had few parallels in the annals of history. The valley has become a festering sore and the miseries of the oppressed people of this valley and the ââ¬Å"terror let looseâ⬠by Indian forces is not less cataclysmic in nature than that of Jaliawala massacre ordered by infamous General Rex Dyer. In spite of facing all these hazards, the freedom fighters are exuberant. They have not only caused the military and political debacle to India but they have also done irreparable damage to Indianââ¬â¢s much touted and trumpeted secularism. Would it be too much to assume that Kashmir might well be the graveyard of Indian secularism. Unless sanity prevails to make the B.. P leadership realize the sheer folly o f their politico military aggression against the Kashmiris. In the name of freedom and self determination, the Kashmiris are being inured, mutilated and killed, their women raped, and their children robbed of hope for a better future. The dispute has shattered their economy polarized their society and festered a culture of violence among the people known for their non violent character. But the Kashmiris are not only the oneââ¬â¢s who suffer from the adverse consequences of the dispute. Millions in Pakistan and India re paying a high cost form direct or indirect effects of this issue. Both counties spend huge and unaffordable resources on defence which could be spent more productively on improving the lot of their people. The Kashmir issue has also led both counties to use their limited scientific knowledge and skills to develop weapons of mass destruction exposing them the an unimaginable holocaust. The dispute and military activities related to it have strengthened the pre-existing culture of violence, promoted glorification of material values and intensified the desire to take revenge from the enemy for the past humiliations. The culture will be a breeding ground for future conflicts between the two countries. Even if the Kashmir problem itself is somehow solved. The Kashmiris have long history of sufferings and oppression, the worst chapter of which was written by the Dogra rule, particularly from 1931 onwards. Contrary to their hopes the partition of the sub-continent and the emergence of two new states, instead of ending the woes of Kashmiris, multiplied them. Since then they have suffered the consequences of three wars, well documented atrocities by the Indian army since 1989 and often violent activities of the militants, a umber of them religiously motivated non Kashmiris. Since the days of Muslim Mughal Empire, Kashmir has got a prominent Muslim majority population. There are more than eighty percent Muslims and the Hindu population is less than twenty percent. Unfortunately, on the fall of Mughal Empire, the State fell to the British East Company in 1840, which sold it to the Sikh traitor ââ¬Å"Raja Gulab Singhâ⬠in 1846, as reward for his betrayal of the Sikhs at a very negligible price of Rs. 75 lac. Hence onward the Muslim population of Kashmir came under continuous torment of the cruel Sikh rulers. They tried to strengthened their hold on the State with the singular aim of shattering the will of their Muslim subjects, crushing their religious zeal. They cowed them down into accepting the slavery of the Hindu minority. The genesis of the Kashmir issue is that in August 1947, when partition of the sub-continent took place, Lord Mountbatten, the viceroy of undivided India, influenced Radcliff into awarding the predominantly Muslim district of Gurdaspur, situated in the East Punjab, to India. By this treacherous act, admitted by Lord Mountbatten himself on nation wide British television, the cruel Viceroy not only subjected a Muslim majority area to the cursed Hindu domination, it also sowed the seed from which could crop up the domination of India on another predominantly Muslim State Kashmir, because it is only through a narrow strap in the Gurdaspur district that India was linked with Kashmir. The canker in no time cropped up into the ââ¬Å"Kashmir Problemâ⬠that has ever since proved to be a serious threat to the security of the South Asian region. Pakistan has made a lot of efforts to break the strangled hold of India on Kashmir, including third partyââ¬â¢s mediations but the fate of Kashmiris is still trembling in the balance. The first effort was made when immediate after partition India airlifted its forces to Srinagar. When Quaid-e-Azam was informed he ordered Incharge of Pak Army General Gracy, to send forces to Srinagar but the General refused to do so. Mujahideen tried their level best to capture the valley but they were defeated by Indian army as they were not well equipped and trained. Then India took this dispute to the Security Council. The Security Council decided that a plebiscite must be held in Kashmir. At that time India agreed but after sometime she backed out of her promise. In 1962 Pakistan lost a golden opportunity to conquer Kashmir during Indo-china war. As India requested President Kennedy of America to influence Pakistan for not taking any step regarding Kashmir during Indo-China war. Kennedy pressurized Ayub Khan and he accepted the America influence on these conditions that after Indo-China war America would help in resolving the Kashmir issue through discussion. In this regard after the Indo-China war Sheikh Abdullah came to Pakistan to initiate some discussion on Kashmir. During his tour of Pakistan Jawahar Lal Nehru died and he had to rush back. Ayub Khan tried to atone for his mistake and he prepared five thousand gorillas form army to capture Kashmir. This operation was given the name of ââ¬Å"operation Gibraltarâ⬠and it was done in 1965. All these gorillas caused a lot of destruction in the valley but at least they all were captured or killed by the Indian forces due to lack of planning. In revenge, India made heavy shelling on Awan Sharif, a village near border. In response to this incident Pakistani forces along with Azad Kashmir forces crossed the ceasefire line by making official announcement. During this war of 1965, at one stage the Pakistani forces advanced upto Akhnoor and they were in a position to capture Srinagar as well but under Soviet Unionââ¬â¢s influence Ayub Khan declared ceasefire. In this way Pakistan also lost this opportunity to get Kashmir. The Indian areas occupied by the Pakistani forces were also given bank to India according to ââ¬Å"Tashkent Accordâ⬠. After this war, tension mounted between the two countries upto this extent that they had another war in 1971. This war resulted in separation of East Pakistan as an independent State now known as Bangladesh. The Kashmiri freedom fighters took inspiration from brave freedom fighting display of Afghanis and an upgrade uprising began in the valley. But due to lack of planning and poor diplomatic approach, this brilliant tactical move ended in a terrible strategic blunder. Before Kargil episode, international opinion was focused on Indian army repression in Kashmir. What a pity that Kargil changed this focus completely. India achieved the worldââ¬â¢s sympathies through its excellent diplomatic policies and quickly made propaganda against Pakistan mainly through its electronic media. On the other hand Pakistan became isolated in international politics and even China the most reliable friend of Pakistan gave a cold shoulder in these circumstances. The ex-Prime Minister of Pakistan had to call off the whole operation due to huge international pressure. The most unfortunate aspect of the whole Kargil operation was tht although jawans, officers and Mujahideen won the war at Kargil hills, yet they had to descend as Pakistani government lost this war on the diplomatic front. The great uprising is still going on in the valley. Pakistan tried to internationalize the Kashmiri freedom fighting and inhuman behavior of Indian forces through Kargil operation in 1999. Under this scenario of events, it is clear that a change in policy direction is necessary. New objectives have to be formed. Almost certainly the wings of our hawks have to clipped. For this purpose the following steps can be taken: One, the line of control can be transformed into the international border between Pakistan and India . India itself has been moving in this direction for a while now- in the event of its inability to stamp out the freedom struggle in Kashmir. This option is, from the Indian perspective, the least disturbing and the most aligned to its prevailing Kashmir stance. However, despite this option having support amongst some Western analysts, it is unworkable. This is because the line of control has never been accepted by the Kashmiris. Rather, it is simply a temporary cease fire line which marks a cessation of military hostilities between two antagonists and is expected to remain in place until the dispute is resolved. Two, the valley of Kashmir along with some Northern areas, must be given independence. This option although sounds very well, yet from Indiaââ¬â¢s point of view it is not beneficial because an independent Kashmir bordering China will become a permanent thereat to India. Three, Northern areas in control of Pakistan whereas Jammu and Laddakh should be given under trusteeship of United Nations for twenty years in order to eliminate the Pakistan and Indian influence and than after twenty years it should be asked from the people of Kashmir whether they want to become independent or they want to become a part of Pakistan or India. In the light of above mentioned options for the solution of Kashmir issue, the third option is very much applicable as it looks neutral in all respects. So, conceived in this way, it is a reality that Kashmir continues to define parameters of the Pak-India relationship. And unless it is resolved there is a detente between these two states, there con not be meaningful stability in South Asia, which would allow India the power status is seeks. But as a matter of fact, India has ignored the realities of history its own leaders commitments to a plebiscite in Kashmir, India has denied itself a role commensurate with its power indicators. This is the time now that India must act with the confidence of a great power and more beyond its unacceptable status quo stance in Kashmir. It is clear that India can not maintain status quo in Kashmir indefinitely that is untenable. Even if Kargil had not happen in 1999, India would have had to accept that it has failed to make Kashmir an integral part of Indian Union through a bizarre mix of the use of military force and elections. Despite the horrible facts of Indian repression in the valley and the failure of lot of efforts mentioned above one may hope that according to the concrete stance taken by Pakistan the things will be changed for Kashmiris and that day is not far away when the Kashmiris will get the reward of their sacrifices and hey would also be able to get the palm. How to cite Kashmir Issue, Essay examples
Friday, December 6, 2019
Erp Failure free essay sample
I Hershey Foods Corporation: Failure and Success with Information Technology Point of View Managerial Point of View Objective To examine the reasons behind the SAP AGââ¬â¢S R/3 ERP implementation failure at Hersheyââ¬â¢s Food Corporation Problem What could have done otherwise to avoid the SAP AGââ¬â¢S R/3 ERP implementation failure at Hersheyââ¬â¢s Food Corporation? Areas of Consideration In late 1996, Hershey Foods Corporation the leading manufacturer of chocolates, confectionaries and beverages in United States of America began modernizing hardware and software systems in the company. In an attempt to manage Y2K issues, it chose to replace those systems and shift to client/server environment, which suggest that the company had pressing needs which forced the implementation. It was to switch over to the new ERP system by April 1999 as per original plan. It chose three software vendors SAP, Manugistics, and Siebel for implementing different software modules. The company spent $112 million and 30 months on their ERP project. The project was running as per schedule till January 1999, and when it came to the final phase of the implementation, the company faltered. Time pressed, they went live in July 1999 which led the company experienced several problems pushing orders through the system, resulting in shipping delays and deliveries of incomplete orders. The retailers who ordered for Hersheys products could not get them on time, even though the company had ample supplies stocked at its warehouses. However, it was too late for Hershey to respond to this problem. As a result, Hersheys revenues dropped. Many reasons have been cited for the Hershey ERP failure. One, the project was originally scheduled to take four years, but the company forced the implementation to go live in just 30 months. Two, the company simultaneously implemented a customer-relations package and a logistics package, largely increasing the overall complexity and employee learning curve. Three, the company went live at their busiest time of the year, just before Halloween, and the resulting delays caused profits to fall. Though SAP was blamed for Hersheys disaster, the companys management viewed it differently. Hence, the top management of the company as well as industry analysts began looking at other reasons for the problems at Hershey. Alternative Courses of Action 1. Before opting to deploy a new ERP system, try to consider upgrading your old version of system rather than instantly launching for a new one. Before trying to replace those systems and shifting to new ones, try to know the factors affecting or contributing to success and failures that you might encounter along the implementation. Evaluate the needs first before making a decision. Also before opting to deploy a new system, try to stabilize first the phases of its implementation before going on live. Make sure that the old version of system is running standstill during the first phase of implementation of the new system. Lest the new system suddenly fall short, you still have the old version of system to back you up during mid-operations. 2. Never have multiple vendors within one project. ERP systems must be installed in a more staged manner, especially when applications from multiple vendors are involved. Roll out the modules in stages and donââ¬â¢t attempt to implement other applications simultaneously. 3. Choose the right time for implementation. Implementing it in a wrong time is a messed up. The company would have very well avoided this trouble if only they thought of going ahead with ERP during those occasions when the business process in the whole market experiences a slow movement. And never went to the extent of spending the whole time and efforts on implementing ERP. This will disrupt the normal functioning of the business and creates confusion in the company. Since attention was wholly diverted to ERP it was not possible to rectify the uncertainties that emerged in the business as a result of ERP. . Effective testing and scheduling. Effective testing in an ERP implementation can lessen exposure to failure risks and damages. Never opt to quicken the implementation process, where several modules are implemented simultaneously. The company must ensure that the system is fully tested and ready for implementation. If possible, plan the ERP project to go-live date during the companyââ¬â¢s slow periods. Effective scheduli ng is important in ERP implementations because the process is lengthy, complicated and delays can increase large costs. However, management must review closely the need for extending the timeline to ensure success of the project. TOWS Threats ERP Implementation in Hershey Foods Corporation can be a difficult, time-consuming, and expensive project for the company. The technology is tightly integrated and requires a commitment from all division. It can take years to complete and cost risks. Moreover, there is no guarantee of the outcome. If not properly planned for, the investment may drive Hershey out of business. Opportunities Hershey made efforts to stabilize SAP and other systems. Hersheyââ¬â¢s recent upgrade of its ERP system to R/3 version 4. was completed 20 percent under budget and without any of the order processing and product-shipment disruptions that marred the initial $112 million rollout in 1999. It was able to make more than 30 improvements to its core business processes within 60 days of going live. The company cited enhancements such as the automation of pick-list processing and mate rials management invoice verification, plus credit processing for distributors to military customers. These improvements have helped reduce costs and speed up processing times. It has also ââ¬Å"achieved a near-zero-defect production environmentâ⬠with R/3 4. and is using SAPââ¬â¢S business analysis tools to measure the impact of sales and marketing programs as they happen. Weakness Hershey wouldnââ¬â¢t specify whether the problems stemmed from its configuration of the system or the software itself. The top management of the company as well as industry analysts began looking at the reasons for the problems at Hershey. Though SAP was blamed for Hersheys disaster, the companys management viewed it differently: Hershey decided to take shortcuts since the project was originally scheduled to take four years, but the company forced the implementation to go live in just 30 months. Thus, Hersheyââ¬â¢s experiences illustrate the fact that most troubled ERP rollouts are caused by project management issues, not faulty software. Strengths By experiencing this kind of failures Hershey Foods Corporationââ¬â¢s IT Staff was able to exceed its delivery commitments for the project because of strong program management and executive leadership, diligent planning and an extensive testing and training plan. This time the implementation underwent extensive testing. Hershey made sure to take the time and resources to thoroughly test the computer systems. Conclusion Consider alternative course of action no. 1 Failures in major business/IT projects continue to occur to large companies like Hershey Foods Corporation with so much IT expertise and financial resources. These mistakes cost the price in the long run. Hershey has learned valuable lessons from their SAP implementation and these lessons are to move slower and be more methodical. The lessons learnt can as well serve as indication for failure or bankruptcy by driving you out of the business path. Hersheyââ¬â¢s failure should caution any company that chooses to implement such broad application and make sure that system will function smoothly before entering peak sales period. There is one final aspect to be considered in any degree of project failure. All success is rooted in either luck or failure. If you begin with luck, you learn nothing but arrogance. However, if you begin with failure and learn to evaluate it, you also learn to succeed. Failure begets knowledge. Out of knowledge you gain wisdom, and it is with wisdom that you can become truly successful. Recommendation Before committing to a specific ERP software package, companies like Hershey Foods Corporation need to take the time to evaluate their ERP needs. They need to define in advance: 1. How they want to run their business? 2. What problems need to be resolved? 3. What are their priorities? 4. What are the current processes ââ¬â what works and what doesnââ¬â¢t in the implementation plan? 5. What software will best resolve their problems, meet their goals and priorities?
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